Vacuum Delivery

Vacuum-assisted delivery, also known as vacuum extraction or ventouse delivery, is a medical procedure used to assist in the delivery of a baby during childbirth. It's typically employed when there are concerns about the progress of labor, such as prolonged second-stage labor (the pushing stage), maternal exhaustion, or fetal distress.

Here's an overview of how vacuum delivery is performed:

• Indications: Vacuum extraction may be recommended in situations where assistance is needed to facilitate the birth of the baby. Common indications include prolonged second-stage labor, maternal exhaustion, ineffective pushing, non-reassuring fetal heart rate patterns, or maternal health conditions that make pushing difficult or risky.
• Preparation: Before performing a vacuum extraction, the healthcare provider assesses the position of the baby, the degree of cervical dilation, and the station of the baby's head in the birth canal using vaginal examination and ultrasound, if necessary. The mother may receive anesthesia or pain relief if she hasn't already.
• Application of the Vacuum: A vacuum extractor consists of a soft cup attached to a suction device and a handle for traction. The cup is placed on the baby's head, typically during a contraction, and suction is applied to create a vacuum seal. The healthcare provider ensures that the cup is properly positioned and that the baby's head is engaged in the birth canal.
• Traction: Once the vacuum is properly applied, the healthcare provider applies gentle traction during contractions to assist the mother in pushing and guide the baby through the birth canal. Traction is applied only during contractions to avoid excessive force on the baby's head.
• Birth of the Baby: With the assistance of the vacuum, the baby's head is gradually guided through the birth canal until it is born. Once the baby's head emerges, the healthcare provider releases the vacuum suction, and the rest of the baby's body follows naturally.
• Post-Delivery Care: After the baby is born, the healthcare provider assesses the baby for any signs of trauma or injury, particularly to the scalp where the vacuum cup was attached. The mother may require suturing if she experiences perineal tears or lacerations. Both mother and baby are closely monitored for any signs of complications following the delivery.